Smelting device



Dec. 1, 1964 J. coRDER 3,159,702

SMELTING DBvcE= origina1 Filed Feb. 12, 1960 4 SheetsSheet 1 -I1ent of fhe n1e1fing Zone and n1akeS poSSib1e a confinuo11S col(1 proceSS, vvhic11 oan be IlSed in induStria1 inSta11ationS vvithout having to feaT SeffouS C1ifficu1tieS due to coo1ing.

By vay of exaInp1o on1y, tho characteTiStics of the three tyPeS of ProceSsos aTo Shovvo below, baSed on the USe of ofe ffon1 ()uenZa for the Sinfor and aSSUIning an indifect Tate of foduction by and II in the Shaft in the neighboThood of 71.5% Which iS a1TnoSt consta11t:

vaTied by knovvn fneanS in o1-def to keep the fevel of 1iqoid 1eta1 in the heaTth consfant, The foreheaTth vvi11 posSeSS at 1eaSt one tap ho1e in oder to vthdTav fron1 timo to tine a ceftain quantity of Ineta1 so that additiona1 Ino1ten lnefa1 ffon1 the heaTth ohanber Inay be recoived.

Tho fo11ovving eXan 1eS afe given aS i11LlStrafive on1y of the prese11f invention, the invention howevef not beiI1g 1iInite(1fothe Specif1c detai1s of the exaolp1eS.

001d Nonna1 ot EfoceSS 1-ooeSS PToceSS (ontent of Silioo11in t11o pig ion peToellf 1 5 1. content of tnonga1leSe i1 t]le pig ifon peoent 1. 2. 0 2, 5 (ontont of oboo i11 t11o pig iIo1 pezcont 3-5 4. 0 5 en1poatuo in o 0 1, 350 1 400 1 500 caOfgo Index of baSlolty SiO210s 1. 22 1. 38 1. 80 o11Tne of ineofod 1et11ono in oubio 1oteS pof one ton of pig iTon Z5 252 201 (vh*/t of pig ifon in t1e tro11SfofD1oT= (o) hon mothone 1S c01d 1 339 1, 1 500 (1)) 1vhon Inet11alle is hot a11(1 ofookod 791 8 16 92 *KWh ore oo1o111ote(1 With o ie1d of 70% (tTanSfofInef-t11efII1io loSSeS).

ThiS co1d pfoceSS a11ovS to obfain a nUfnbeT of advantageS= (z) The conSun1ption of e1ectfic energy is SnTa11eT, be cauSe t11o teInpeTafuTe of the pig iron and of the S1ag aTe 1ovZof, and a1So beCaflSe the pfopoTtion of si1icon and n1anganeSe obtained by Tedoction iS 1ovVef;

(Z)) The conSun1ption of e1ectTodes iS 1oweT fof the soI11e ToasonS aS lisfed undeT (z) (c) Tho content of S11icon in the pig iTon is 1ower, `vhich is an advantage iT1fhe fllfther procosSing of the pig iTon to Steel;

(f) It leadS to a higher Tatio betWeen the content of olanganeSe in pig iron, and t1Te Content of Si1icon in pig ifon, So that the S1ag obtained in the stee1 Ini11 duTing refining vvil1 be fich in InanganeSe and confain 1itt1e Si1icon, vvhich iS favorable foI the recoveTy of nlanga11eSe.

In an electric fuTnace arrangenlent in accoTdance vvith the pfesent invention, the electrodes prefefab1y oTe placeo on the pepheTy of the heath chaInber afoUno -the s11aft into hich the c11aTge is intToduced, or a1ongSide of it, if t11e Shaft has an elongatod confignTation of if Sevefal ShaftS aTe p1aced in a Tow. Tho nIImber of o1ectrodeS iS Such, that the Teaction ZoneS situated undefnoath theSe e1ect1 odeS oveT1ap partia11y so that sonlething 1i1e a continuouS crown-1i1e area of Teaction and lTelting is ofeated afoUnd the Shaft. fho noSeS of the e1ectfodeS ao buried in the chargeS and tho arcS Teach to the centeT of the InaSS. ThiS opeTation aS iInmersed afcS offerS a nuII1beT of advanfageS= Z) The heat genefated by t11e arc iS absofbed to a gleat extent by the chaTge in the feaction Zone and the ca1ofifc yie1d is eXce11ent;

(ZJ) The ToffactoTies of the hearth and the done are pfofoofd, beoaLISe the a1c iS SIlfrounded by the gg1on1efate at a Te1atfvely 1ov tenpeTatufe and tho radiafion in t11e difection of f11e TeffactoTies iS very1ifnited;

c) The dian1eter of the fofnoce Inay be veTy SIna11 foT o given capacity of the Shaff.

If the iniecfionS of hydrocarbons are lT1ade at the I1oSe of the e1ectfodeS by IneanS of inectors p1aced at the pei hofa1 of paSSing thfoogh the doIne of the heafth ohan1 ber it is necoSSary that the contact Zono of the fiow of hydrocaTbonS With the surface of tfe bath fS focated in the neighboThood of t11o free end of tho e1eoffode.

UTthennofe. effofts Shou1d be n1ado to have aS 1itt1o of Slag aS possib1e So that the Sufface of the netal is ffoe and cloaT. T11eTefoTe, tho level of 1iquid nota1 if tho hearth Shoofd be kept conStanf. FoT thiS puTpoSe a preS- SuTe Teceptacle of foreheaffh, aS deScribed fllfthef abovo, Shon1d be arfanged connlunicating vvit11 fhe hearth chan1 bor of f11e furnace by a channe1 1inking t11eir 1owor paTtS. The pToSSUTo in thiS fooe )tac1e of fore-11eaTth can be The oe USed .WaS ()[lenza oe (1gefia) having tho following analySis in the dTy State;

Fe:54.4% Mg0:1Z% Sio :4,5 Mn0:Z.3% Ca0:5.3% CO :5,5% A1 0 :07% H 0=3.3

vet ore 1850 kg. (Wit11 7.5 InoistUre) Recyc1ed fineS 700 kg. Coke duSt kg.

Water v 7 200 kg.

fVfiXtufo 2.850 kg, With 12% n()iStufe This n1ixt11Te iS p1aced o11 the Siofefing StTand 1. Tho coIT1buStion air is SUcked up at the 1ovver poftion of the stfand. A fow of bUTneTS ignite the IT1iXtufe Which bTnS with air, heated at 1000 C. in heat exchanger of the SaIne type aS b1aSt fUTnace stoves, and afriving throogh hood Z. An SUTface of the strand is thos fed by Said hot aiT. About 1Z50 nornIa1 cubic ITletreS aTe uSed on tho Stfand and 250 cubic n1effe afe loSt through 1eaks. Con Seouent1y about 1500 noTna1 c11bic nletreS of air at 1000 C. aTe necesSary for one nfetfic ton of pig iTon. For heating the 11eat exchangeTS a paft of the cofnb11Stib1e hot gaSeS 1eaving the electTic afc fufnace afe uSed.

ff tho oxif of Stfand f, the sintef iS diS1odged by tho devico 9 and-Siffed to obtain a Size of 5 I11In. by the sifting do ice f0. fn thaf v/ay about 700 1g. of neS are pToduced Woich are Teoyc1ed, With 1530 kg. of s1ter af 950C. having o SiZe of 540 fnIn. and the fo11owing ana1ySS Percenf Fe tOta1 61.3 Fe++ 7.6 Cao 4.6 Sio 4.15 A1 0 0.8 Mgo 1.25 Mno 300 This Sintef, charged in a bucket 11 iS domped at the top of t11e f0sto-Conica1 Shaft of the fufnace. Said shaft has a capacity of P cubio mefreS, P being the pTodocfion of tho fufnaco in n1etric toneS of pig iron peT hoUT.

In the Shaff, the Sinter iS Tapid1y reduced by the gaSos vvhich are aScending ffon1 the heaTth. The efficiency of 

1. AN ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE, COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION, A HEARTH SECTION; MEANS FOR MAINTAINING MOLTEN MATERIAL IN SAID HEARTH SECTION AT A PREDETERMINED LEVEL; MEANS FOR PRODUCING AN ELECTRIC ARC IN SAID HEARTH SECTION ABOVE SAID PREDETERMINED LEVEL, SAID ELECTRIC ARC PRODUCING MEANS INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF ELECTRODES, AT LEAST ONE OF SAID ELECTRODES BEING FORMED WITH AN INTERIOR CONDUIT OPENING IN THE AREA OF THE TIP OF SAID ONE ELECTRODE AND ADAPTED FOR THE INJECTION THERETHROUGH OF FLUID HYDROCARBONS INTO SAID HEARTH SECTION IN THE VICINTY OF SAID ELECTRIC ARC; AND A DOWNWARDLY FLARING ELONGATED SHAFT SECTION HAVING UPPER AND LOWER END PORTIONS, SAID LOWER END PORTION BEING LOCATED ABOVE AND COMMUNICATING WITH SAID HEARTH SECTION, WHEREBY THE CHARGE INTRODUCED INTO SAID FURNACE AT THE UPPER END PORTION OF SAID SHAFT SECTION WILL PASS DOWNWARDLY INTO SAID HEARTH SECTION IN COUNTERCURRENT FLOW TO REDUCING GASES ISSUING FROM SAID HEARTH SECTION AND WILL BE SEPARATED BY THE ELECTRIC ARC IN SAID HEARTH SECTION INTO A MOLTEN METAL PORTION AND A SLAG PORTION. 